Procés de debat i consulta del Pla de Drets Humans de Catalunya
#ÀgoraDeDrets Volem que la ciutadania digui la seva respecte a les mesures proposades per a cada un dels drets humans que conformen el pla
Àgora Virtual del Pla de Drets Humans de Catalunya
06-06-2019 - 31-07-2019
Veure les fases
Dret a la salut
MESURES PER MILLORAR L'ESTAT DEL DRET
A Catalunya, cal una nova llei general de salut que posi en valor el sistema públic, universal, integral i integrat, amb objectius de salut individual i col·lectiva, i no només d’atenció a la malaltia.
Cal un sistema de salut que no estigui mercantilitzat ni medicalitzat, que no sigui classista ni patriarcal, i que posi l’accent en l’atenció primària i comunitària com a fonament d’una sanitat humanística, amb més equitat, eficiència i sostenibilitat.
Cal dissenyar i implementar un pla de salut que tingui en compte, amb els recursos i els objectius adequats, tots els determinants socials de la salut, incloent-hi aspectes ambientals com ara la crisi ecològica i el canvi climàtic, l’ocupació i el treball, i el conjunt de temes socials que conformen l’estat de benestar.
També destaca la necessitat de prioritzar la salut en totes les polítiques i reduir les desigualtats en salut, que no haurien de dependre solament del Departament de Salut. Val a dir, però, que l’acompliment d’aquests plantejaments es fa molt difícil amb el finançament insuficient actual.
En àmbits sectorials cal destacar:
1) En matèria de polítiques públiques de salut:
1.1) Dissenyar polítiques públiques intersectorials basades en els principis de “salut en totes les polítiques” i “equitat en salut en totes les polítiques”.
1.2) Avaluar, de forma integral, l’impacte en salut i equitat de les polítiques públiques, i també els efectes de com el sector privat afecta la producció de salut i desigualtats.
2) Pel que fa al dret a una assistència sanitària efectiva, humana i amb equitat:
2.1) Garantir l’accés universal a la salut. Això inclou totes les persones que viuen al territori català, persones migrants, documentades o no, i suposa el tancament dels CIE, entre altres mesures.
2.2) Ampliar la cartera de serveis de finançament públic (en odontologia, per exemple) i disminuir progressivament els copagaments, començant per les rendes més baixes.
2.3) Revertir completament les retallades i els seus efectes en matèria de salut i garantir un creixement de la despesa sanitària adequat a les necessitats i els costos creixents de la innovació mèdica.
2.4) Desmercantilitzar hospitals, centres d’atenció primària, i altres serveis de salut i sociosanitaris.
2.5) Fer una major inversió en salut pública, i reduir l’actual abordatge medicalitzador i sovint generador de iatrogènia.
3) En matèria d’atenció primària:
3.1) Incrementar el pressupost i augmentar substancialment el personal, amb bones condicions d’ocupació i treball, i que facilitin la conciliació familiar.
3.2) Augmentar el temps de visita, de manera que sigui suficient per proporcionar una atenció de qualitat i humana.
3.3) Recuperar l’atenció integral i longitudinal a les persones, mantenint i recuperant funcions derivades a altres àmbits.
3.4) Potenciar-ne el reconeixement i les capacitats, incidint sobretot en el procés assistencial i les llistes d’espera, coordinant els serveis socials i sanitaris, i potenciant l’atenció comunitària i la participació ciutadana.
4) En matèria de participació, drets socials i transparència en l’àmbit de la salut:
4.1) Desenvolupar intervencions comunitàries que siguin més participatives, intersectorials i democràtiques, basades en les necessitats i l’evidència científica.
4.2) Garantir la transparència de la contractació pública en l’àmbit sanitari, especialment pel que fa a les subcontractacions i les externalitzacions.
4.3) Revertir l’elevada precarització dels professionals de la salut i dels professionals socials (l’atenció a domicili, per exemple), millorant les seves condicions d’ocupació i de treball.
4.4) Fer un control transparent de les llistes d’espera, amb la dotació dels mitjans suficients i els recursos estructurals que tinguin com a objectiu la seva màxima reducció.
4.5) Garantir un control, un tractament i un accés transparent i democràtic de tota la informació generada sobre la salut i el conjunt de factors i determinants que la generen.
5) Implementar una política nacional de salut integral a Catalunya que permeti:
5.1) Situar, en una visió humana i integrada de la salut i la qualitat de vida, les necessitats sociosanitàries de les poblacions, l’equitat en salut, el coneixement científic, la democràcia participativa i l’avaluació integral de les intervencions polítiques com a fonaments inspiradors d’aquesta política.
5.2) Desenvolupar un pla estratègic de recerca i vigilància sobre les desigualtats i l’equitat en salut que comprengui un sistema d’informació integral i integrat que inclogui els determinants socials de salut, les conductes relacionades amb la salut i l’assistència sanitària i examini sistemàticament tots els eixos de desigualtat.
5.3) Desenvolupar un pla de polítiques de millora de l’equitat en salut basat en el coneixement i la recerca científica d’alta qualitat. Cal destacar la importància de millorar les polítiques d’atenció a la dependència, fins ara molt poc desenvolupades, així com les polítiques socials que tenen a veure amb el dret a l’habitatge, la renda, entre d’altres.
5.4) Desenvolupar un pla de participació i apoderament comunitari que analitzi els conflictes d’interessos, tingui capacitat de codecisió social i un elevat nivell d’educació integral sobre l’equitat en salut. Aquest pla haurà de tenir en compte les desigualtats en la participació i estimular la dels col·lectius més desafavorits, que tenen menys influència i poder.
5.5) Desenvolupar un pla d’avaluació, integral i continuat, amb mesures d’efectivitat, eficiència i equitat, així com del seu cost d’oportunitat, que permetin valorar la qualitat de les intervencions en salut i la reducció de les desigualtats.
6) En matèria de formació i educació en salut:
6.1) Modificar els programes d’educació biomèdica i sanitària dels professionals de la salut centrats en la prevenció de malalties per posar el focus en la salut, en els determinants socials i l’equitat en la salut.
6.2) Reforçar la formació del col·lectiu investigador perquè les anàlisis tinguin en compte els determinants socials, ambientals i laborals de la salut i de l’equitat en la salut, així com els problemes de salut i malaltia que generen.
6.3) Dur a terme programes formatius continuats d’educació sobre la salut per augmentar el coneixement i la conscienciació de la població general en forma integral sobre els problemes de salut i malaltia, els determinants socials de la salut, la salut poblacional i l’equitat en salut.
Pots consultar la diagnosi de l'estat del dret a Catalunya, elaborada per l'Estructura de Drets Humans de Catalunya, a l'apartat de documents relacionats (al final d'aquesta pàgina).
#ÀgoraDeDrets #ÀgoraVirtual
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